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Ask the Child Safety Specialist: Nancy Reynolds, B.A. Psych.
Nancy Reynolds has been in the child safety industry for over 15 years, helping families with issues such as home safety, CPR,babyproofing and first aid.
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QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
ANSWERS

How can I protect my newly walking daughter from falling and burning herself on our hot floor furnace grate? Does someone make a guard or "heat resistant" grate?
This is a commonly asked question and unfortunately there is no simple answer.

There is nothing manufactured in the baby proofing product area for covering heating sources and not likely to be. The reasons probably being that there are too many different shapes and sizes of floor vents, grates and baseboard heaters for any device to be made which would be flexible enough to cover the variety of them, be packageable for store shelves and cost effective.

The only solutions I might be aware of would be to 1) fabricate yourself some type of well vented (so as not to create a fire hazard), rounded edges box which could be screwed down over top of the grate (such as radiator covers) or 2) place furniture pieces such as tables or chairs over and around the area of the grate, or 3) place a gate and reduce to accessibility of a little one getting near the grate.
My baby is always sticking his fingers in the base board heaters, what can I do about it?

While there are reports of some cuts or minor burns, there is no safety device, as yet, to "pad" or block off these heating sources. Padding, infact, might become a serious fire hazard. Most small, stick-on corners found in stores are quickly picked off by little fingers and then could become a choking hazard. One idea would be to construct a vented, rounded-corner cover to fasten to the wall, much like the radiator covers in older homes. Another thought, would be to put furniture pieces, (chairs down on their side) in front of and not up against the heaters, to reduce the access and interest in being in these areas.

I know I have to have a gate for the top of my stairs, is it necessary to have one at the bottom?

Simply, yes. Most people find that the bottom of the stairs, especially on the main level, is one of the most stressful parts of the house when it comes to supervising toddlers. While trying to cook, or speak on the phone or sit down to relax, the little one is always crawling off and starting up the stairs. Often, this is before the care giver has a chance to notice they are gone. A gate at the bottom of the main stairway of a home, however, is often not very convenient for the adults or older children in a home. When possible, given the layout of the rooms, I try to have my clients think of placing gates at the kitchen and using the doors or gates in entrances to other rooms, to keep toddlers away from the hallway and stair areas.

People tell me that you should leave a few steps at the bottom for children to learn how to use the stairs. What do you think?

Since injuries due to falling are statistically the most likely reason why every parent in North America will make a visit to an emergency room with each of their children, why not reduce the likely-hood of such an injury in an area you know could be dangerous? Toddlers will learn how to use the stairs as you take the time to show them while you go up and down the stairs with them in your daily activities.

Other than the cleaning products under the sink, what are other hazards in kitchen cupboards which I should consider putting locks on?

Anything wrapped in plastic, sharp, pointed, small or heavy objects are potential dangers. While many parents let children play with pots and pans because they do not seem to be dangerous, they might reconsider. From the perspective of a child who is allowed to play with a pot and then sees that very same pot full of boiling water on the stove, how would they know the difference.

My 18 month old child has learned to climb over the gate upstairs, what can I do?
Generally most children at this young age do not have the upper body strength to be able to support their own weight. When parents ask me this question, I usually ask them how do they use the gate themselves. Almost always they tell me that they do not open and close their gates but walk over them. I have heard of several parents, who have broken wrists, arms or legs as a result. I have even heard of a parent who after tripping over a gate, landed on top of the gate with his son underneath. Walking over gates is not only dangerous for the adults and the children nearby but also suggests to a young child that this is what they should try to do with the gate. When a child develops the ability to climb over a gate then it must be removed and supervision becomes much more difficult.
My baby looks cramped in his infant, rear-facing car seat, when do I changeto a forward facing toddler seat?
It is time for a baby to come out of a rear-facing car seat when their height and weight is greater than the recommendations of the manufacturer of the seat. Generally infant seat recommendations range from 20 - 22 lbs and 26 - 29 inches. Typically many parents will change a baby into a convertible (infant/child) seat somewhere around 6 months when they look to be squished in the seat and/or they are larger than the recommendations. As young babies under one year of age do not have the back and neck strength to support themselves in a collision, it is safer to have them facing backwards. Recent newer guidelines have higher weight limits for infant seats and if buying a new seat you might consider looking for this feature. In addition, many parents do not realize that the next size convertible seats are also allowed to be used facing backwards. Keep them facing backwards as long as possible within the guidelines of the seats.
My child is too big for his car seat, should I get a booster seat?
While regulations vary, the current safer thought is to have children in a child safety restraint system until they are 9 years of age. Adult seat belts are simply not the appropriate size for children under this age. The recommendation is to purchase a high - back booster seat. Newer versions of these seats have weight ranges which go up to 80 - 90 lbs. and have changeable harness systems which grow with the child. Remember also, it is safer for children under 12 years of age to travel in the back seat at all times.

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